HookUp tip by Lauren, blog by Leslie
With so many kinds of birth control available, how do you know which one is right for you? Navigating through all your options can be daunting, but it’s important to know what works for you and your partner so that you both feel comfortable, safe, and prepared. Remember, the only 100% effective method to prevent pregnancy AND the transmission of STDs/STIs is abstinence. However, if you are ready to have sex, know that there are several methods that will protect against pregnancy. Remember, the only birth control method that protects against STDs is the condom.
Long-Acting Reversible Contraception
Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs) are a great option because these methods are over 99% effective and, depending on the type, can last up to 12 years! There are two kinds of LARCs: the intrauterine device (IUD) and the implant. They are easy to use, do not require you to remember to take something every day, and they are reversible, meaning that if you want to stop using them for whatever reason, you can have them removed whenever you want!
The IUD is a small “T” shaped, plastic device that is inserted and left inside the uterus. There are two hormonal IUDs that release progestin and a copper IUD. Each type has its own pros and cons.
The implant is a small plastic rod about the size of a matchstick that releases progestin and can prevent pregnancy for up to 3 years. A clinician inserts the implant into your arm. The release of progestin works by thickening cervical mucus and stopping ovulation. As with the IUD, the implant also has its pros and cons.
Hormonal Methods
Birth control methods such as the pill, shot, patch, and ring mainly use two types of female hormones: estrogen and progestin. These hormones act in the female body to prevent ovulation or, the release of an egg, from the ovaries so that it cannot be fertilized by sperm. They also thicken the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching an egg, and make the uterine lining thin so that an egg cannot attach itself to the uterine wall. These methods range from being 92-99% effective, depending on how good you are at taking them when you are supposed to. Remember, these methods require you to be attentive, as some require a daily dosage (the pill), tri-weekly changes (patch and ring), or monthly visits to a healthcare provider (the shot).
Barrier Methods
Methods such as the external and internal condom, diaphragm and cervical cap, spermicides, and sponges all work by physically stopping sperm from reaching an egg during sex. CONDOMS ARE THE ONLY BARRIER METHOD THAT HELP PREVENT STDs! Barrier methods are extremely effective at pregnancy prevention when used in conjunction with another type of method, hormonal or long-acting.
Other Methods
There are other pregnancy prevention methods available, such as tying your tubes, “pulling out,” or charting the menstrual cycle. However, we don’t recommend these for teens because they are not as effective and it can be difficult for a teen to know exactly when to do it. For example, it can be difficult for young guys to know exactly when they will ejaculate. Similarly, a female teen’s menstrual cycle is often irregular and it can be difficult for her to know exactly when she’s ovulating.
There are so many birth control methods out there! Be sure to inform yourself of your options because what works for others may not necessarily work for your body. Remember, being safe is sexy and totally worth it!